Neeltje Lindhout-Plug

Historical Context:

-1901: Marconi sends the first wireless transAtlantic message from England to Newfoundland
-1903: Henry Ford launches the Ford Motor Company
-1903: Wright Brothers first flight
-1914: Germany declares war on France. First World War begins and Netherlands remains neutral.
-1917: Russian Revolution
-1918 (to 1920): “Spanish flu” (influenza) sweeps the world killing between 50 and 100 million people.
-1919 (Oct): KLM (Koninklijke Luchtvaart Maatschappij) is formed
-1921/22: Noordwijk Vuurtoren is constructed
-1932: Zuider Zee Project commences
-1933: Hitler appointed as Chancellor of Germany
-1939: Dutch government opens Westerbork as a refugee camp
- 1939 (September):

Nazi Germany invades Poland

World War II commences.

Netherlands declares neutrality

England and Canada declare war on Nazi Germany

-1940 (May):

Germany invades Netherlands

Germany severely bombs Rotterdam

Netherlands surrenders and becomes occupied territory

Queen Wilhelmina evacuates to England establishes government in exile

- 1940: Princess Juliana in exile in Ottawa

- 1941 (January): Princess Margriet is born in Ottawa Canada

-1941 (December):

Japanese bomb Pearl Harbor

USA enters WWII

- 1942: Nazis convert Westerbork refugee camp into a deportation camp.

Irene Blass-Plug (wife of Jan Plug and sister-in-law of Pieter Plug) and Anne Frank were both interned in Westerbork before being send to their deaths in Auschwitz and Bergen Belsen respectively.- 1942: Construction of the “Atlantic Wall” begins in Noordwijk

- 1944:Nazis commence V-1 rocket attacks on London from Noordwijk area

- 1944 (Jime) : D-Day invasion by Allied Forces

-1945:

May:

NL is liberated by Canadian forces.

VE Day (Victory in Europe)

August: VJ Day (Victory in Japan)

- 1948 (September): Queen Wilhelmina abdicates the Dutch throne in favour of her daughter Queen Juliana
-1949: Mao Zedong establishes the People’s Republic of China
-1969: First Man on the Moon