Historical Context:

1. -1670: Hudson’s Bay Company is founded.
   

2. -1672 (through 1674): 3rd Anglo Dutch War
   

3. -1672: Louis XIV (France) invades Holland
   

4. -1675 Anton van Leeuwenhoek discovers microorganisms through his microscope
   

5. -1688: WIllem of Orange (William III) sets sail for England from Hellevoetsluis (Rotterdam)
   

6. -1689: John Locke returns to England from Netherlands espousing religious tolerance, and arguing against the “divine right of kings”
   

7. -1700: Population estimates::
   

    ..World - 600 million

    ..Europe - 86 million

    ..Netherlands - 1.8 million

- 1700: English Life Expectancy approx 36 years

1. -1702: Willem of Orange (William III) dies in England
   

2. -1713: Treaty (and Peace) of Utrecht is signed among Spain, France, England, Portugal, Savoy and United Provinces of Netherlands
   

    ..Maritime provinces (of Canada), including Acadia (now Nova Scotia) from France to England. Acadian removal to Louisiana.

1. -1713: Junipero Serra (Spanish missionary and “father of California”) is born in  Mallorca
   

2. -1717: Handel’s “Water Music” is played (for the first time) for George I
   

Willem of Orange

setting sail for England

(1688)